Which practice supports safety culture by facilitating learning from events?

• A. Encouraging reporting of near misses, training, and adherence to procedures.
• B. Discouraging reporting
• C. Only formal investigations
• D. Training is optional

Answer: (A)

Learning from events strengthens safety culture by turning incidents and near misses into opportunities for improvement. When people are encouraged to report near misses and actual events, hazards are identified and root causes can be addressed rather than hidden, which prevents recurrence. Training ensures that everyone has the skills and knowledge to recognize risk, respond consistently, and apply improvements. Adherence to procedures provides a reliable standard for action, making it easier to learn from what happened and spread effective responses across the team. Together, these elements foster psychological safety and a continuous improvement loop that underpins a strong safety culture. Discouraging reporting blocks learning, only formal investigations can miss earlier opportunities, and making training optional leaves gaps in knowledge and inconsistent practices.